A Review on Effects of Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum)- Phenolics on Key Enzymes Linked with Type-II Diabetes

Abstract

A traditional edible plant Solanum nigrum Linn. (commonly known as black nightshade) has a wide variety of therapeutic activities. Ethanolic extract of the leaf is effective on significant reduction in treatment of reducing blood sugar level. It inhibited α- amylase, α- glucosidase which are directly related to Type- II Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The major active components are glycoalkaloids, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides. It also contains polyphenolic compounds such as gallic acid, catechin, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin. The beneficial effect against DM of black nightshade leaf extract as inhibitor of type II diabetes by consuming as daily or frequent intake in the form of natural food.